Showing 1-6 of 6. The company collapsed when the war undercut commercial demand for salt. In March, he stepped down from that post but will . [18][19] Standard countered and held back its shipments and, with the help of other railroads, started a price war that dramatically reduced freight payments and caused labor unrest as well. In just eighteen months of harried work and lavish spending, the Ponce de Leon Hotel was opened for business in January of 1888. His personal dedication to the state of Florida was demonstrated when he began construction on his private residence, Kirkside, in St. Augustine. the Trust and Non-Profit Organization established by Flagler's grand-daughter Jean Flagler Matthews, to preserve Whitehall, has . View Henry Flagler.pptx from HISTORY 10 at Jupiter High School. Harkness and Company, at a salary of $5 per month plus room and board. Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) built this church to the glory of God as a memorial to his daughter, Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict, who passed away as a result of childbirth in 1889. Flagler is quoted to have responded thusly: "There was once a good church member who had always lived a correct life until well advanced in years. It was that shrewd attitude that caught the eye of one John D. Rockefeller. He was born in New York. Henry Flagler was John D. Rockefeller's most significant business partner at Standard Oil. [26] Its share of world oil refining topped out above 90% but slowly dropped to about 80% for the rest of the century. In Bellevue he courted and married his step-uncle's (Lamon Harkness) second daughter, Mary Harkness, November 9, 1853. His father was a Presbyterian minister, Isaac Flagler. At last in 1911, the Supreme Court of the United States found Standard Oil Company of New Jersey in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Struck by the tragic loss of his eldest daughter and first granddaughter, Henry Flagler sought solace in his business projects and the council of friends like Dr. Andrew Anderson. HENRY FLAGLER "Father of Florida" American Industrialist Early Days was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York, raised in a. The state provided incentive in the form of 3,840 acres (15.5km2) for every mile (1.6km) of track constructed.[49]. Municipal, State, and Federal government officials questioned how many limits they should place on these "Captains of Industry." Henry Flagler was born on January 2, 1830, in the little village of Hopewell, in upstate New York, to Elizabeth and Isaac Flagler. His father was Isaac Flagler, a Presbyterian minister and great-grandson of Zacharra Flegler, whose family had emigrated from the German Palatinate region to Holland in 1688. Zacharra worked in England for several years before moving to Dutchess County, New York, in 1710. This touched off a firestorm of protest from independent oil well owners, including boycotts and vandalism, which eventually led to the discovery of Standard Oil's part in the deal. After finishing the eighth grade at fourteen, Henry followed his half-brother Dan to Ohio. [20] The New York State Legislature's Hepburn Committee in 1879 conducted hearings in response to the complaints of local merchants that were not involved in the oil trade in order to investigate railroad rebate practices. After many years of work, it opened on January 10, 1888, and was an instant success. There is also a monument to him on Flagler Monument Island in Biscayne Bay in Miami; Flagler College and Flagler Hospital are named after him in St. Augustine. The baby, named Margery, died when she was only a few hours old. Melbert Cary died in 1941, and after his death Mary continued to divide her. After their wedding, the couple traveled to Saint Augustine. Keys, L. (2015) Hotel Ponce de Leon: The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of Flagler's Gilded Age Palace. In fact, the exterior bares a memorial script to his daughter who perished giving birth to his . Captain of the submarine USS Watertown (SSN-696) who reluctantly helps Harm and Mac with investigations involving a boat he commanded. In June 1870, Flagler and Rockefeller formed Standard Oil of Ohio, which rapidly became the most profitable refiner in Ohio. The case can be made that Flagler was the intellectual genius who devised both the overall concepts and the details of the company policies and programs that turned Standard Oil into the most feared, powerful, and profitable company of the 19th and early . Henry Morrison Flagler was born in 1830 into humble circumstances, his father a Presbyterian minister. (2022). He even owned newspapers in Florida. 1. I was willing that they should combine and grow as big and wealthy as they could, but only by legitimate means. "Especially since her father would have never stepped foot in the house. She left the millions she inherited to members of her family and to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In 1878, his wife Mary fell ill, and died on May 18, 1881, at age 47, leaving Henry Flagler with a young son to raise alone. Flagler was in a special position to make those deals due to his connections as a grain merchant. Flagler's stepbrother Stephen V. Harkness invested $100,000 (equivalent to $1.94million in 2021[6]) on the condition that Flagler be made a partner. He used convict leasing "a method undertaken by the Southern States to replace the economic setup of slavery"[47] to modernize the existing railroads, allowing them to accommodate heavier loads and more traffic.[48]. Mary Lily Kenan Flagler inherited the majority of Henry Flagler's fortune but was unlucky enough to die of an apparent heart attack, only five years after Flagler's death. Standiford, Les. [14] Standard was growing horizontally and vertically. Seasons 4, 6-7. What happened to Henry Flagler's daughter? Bostonian Franklin W. Smith had recently built his winter home, the Villa Zorayda, which caught Flagler's eye almost immediately. Chandler, David Leon. "The Flagler Pavilion was built across the street at Edgewood for the Flaglers' daughter Elizabeth's 1927 wedding to J. Andrews Harris lll," said Millbrook Historian David Greenwood. Flagler's son dropped out of school and failed to follow his father into business, causing a lifelong rift between the two men. Together, the three set their sights on opening a distillery that would serve nearby railroad workers. Ralph, Julian. St. Augustine city officials and businessmen were mostly grateful that Henry Flagler had chosen their little hamlet to 'please himself' by developing it and filling it with tourists. Both Elizabeth and Isaac had been married twice before, and Henry had a half- sister (his father's daughter from a previous marriage) named Ann-Caroline, or "Carrie," and a half-brother, Dan Harkness (his mother's . The couple had two daughters, Jennie Louise, born in 1855, and Carrie, born in 1858. Flagler engaged Thomas Hastings and Jean Carrere of the Carrere & Hastings architectural firm to design the hotel. Due to the harsh working and living conditions in the railway construction camps, many workers became victims of debt slavery. Augustine. He was 83 years old. My 4th great-grandmother, Elizabeth Howes, married (1) William Jones (my ancestor) and (2nd) Colonel Henry Ostrom, of Pleasant Valley & Patterson, Dutchess County, NY. He was 14 years old, and leaving the home of his parents in Hopewell, N.J., to . Henry is originated from United States. Flagler and Rockefeller saw themselves as the industry's saviors, "an angel of mercy" absorbing the weak and making the industry as a whole stronger, more efficient, and more competitive. Welcome to Ms. Collins, Ms. Bellino, and Ms. King's 4th grade history virtual fieldtrip! By the mid-1860s, Cleveland had become the center of the oil refining industry in America and Rockefeller left the grain business to start his own oil refinery. Within six years, Henry was earning enough money to purchase a showy Victorian house in Bellevue. Flager and his lawyers defeated all legal challenges and neither the company or its employees were ever convicted in court. The mausoleum adjacent to the church is where Flagler, his daughter, granddaughter and first wife are buried. After his first wife's death, Flagler developed a . Not much more is known about Henry Flagler's early life. He is also known as a founder of the cities of Miami and Palm Beach, Florida. He found that salt mining required more technical knowledge than he had and struggled in the industry during the Civil War. St. Augustine, FL: Flagler College, 2013. VisitStAugustine.com. Though he didn't recognize him through his medicinal stupor, Henry Flagler's only son, Harry Harkness, was at his father's bedside alongside Mary Lily Kenan Flagler, whom Harry was actually meeting for the first time. In 1853, Flagler married Mary Harkness, the daughter of Lamon Harkness - owner of the general store where he was formerly employed. After Mary died Henry married her nurse-caregiver, Ida Alice Shourds. A major New York refiner, Charles Pratt and Company, headed by Charles Pratt and Henry H. Rogers, led the opposition to this plan, and railroads soon backed off. An incident that is commonly cited as being 'the straw that broke the camel's back' occurred on one of the Flaglers' expensive yachts (of which the couple had many the Alicia was even named after Ida Alice). Unfortunately, the Key West Extension is viewed as a business failure having "never earned the expected revenue before the Labor Day hurricane of 1935 destroyed it" (Akin 223). This 'FEC' project had been underway since the late 1880s, when Flagler purchased the St. Augustine & Halifax Railroad in Jacksonville. Flagler wanted to take advantage of additional trade with Cuba and Latin America as well as the increased trade with the west that the Panama Canal would bring. [33] Ohio was especially vigorous in applying its state anti-trust laws, and finally forced a separation of Standard Oil of Ohio from the rest of the company in 1892, the first step in the dissolution of the trust. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil. [1], Flagler was born in Hopewell, New York. Throughout it all, Mary was made to brave her condition without her husband, who had taken to staying at the Buckingham Hotel in New York, completely immersed in the business of Standard Oil. After two years of institutionalization and much assessment by the courts, Ida Alice Shourds Flagler was legally ruled incurably insane in 1899. By 1852, Henry had saved enough money to become the one-third-owner of the Harkness & Company alongside his half-brother Dan and Dan's uncle Lamon. Harry and Annie's daughter Jean Louise Flagler made Palm Beach a large part of her life. Rockefeller retained his nominal title as president until 1911 and he kept his stock. Her great-nephew Lawrence Louis Junior utilized some of those funds in founding Flagler College, where Henry Flagler's legacy lives on to this day. The Zorayda's poured coquina and concrete structure, Spanish architecture, and lavish interior inspired Flagler, who actually tried to buy the building, but was denied. Rogers, in particular, became one of Flagler and Rockefeller's key men in the formation of the Standard Oil Trust. In the springtime of 1870, Mary Harkness Flagler even became pregnant with the couple's third child (the aforementioned Henry "Harry" Flagler). Henry Morrison Flagler (1830 - 1913) Henry Morrison Flagler Born 2 Jan 1830 in Hopewell, Ontario, New York, USA Ancestors Son of Isaac Flagler and Elizabeth (Caldwell) Flagler Brother of Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness [half] and Daniel Morrison Harkness [half] Husband of Mary (Harkness) Flagler married 9 Nov 1853 (to 18 May 1881) in Huron, Ohio [10] It was Flagler's idea to use the rebate system to strengthen the firm's position against competitors and the transporting enterprises alike. Perhaps Henry Flagler already planned that he would need a physician to confirm his wife suffered from insanity. However, Henry Flagler did not join his half-brother. Several years later, in 1870, their only son, Henry Harkness Flagler, was born. He himself is located to the side of them. This is a major source for this Historical Person Profile highly recommended! As he went, Flagler spent exorbitant amounts of money to build hotels in certain cities along the way. University Press of Florida. Played by Tom Amandes. For the train, see, Alleged use of convict leasing and debt peonage, Martin, p. 56, quoting Edwin Lefevre, in "Flagler and Florida" from, Joe Knetsch, "The Peonage Controversy and the Florida East Coast Railway,", University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Madoff scandal stuns Palm Beach Jewish community", "292: Colonel Joseph D. Potts Leader in the Pennsylvania on LiveAuctioneers", "The Story of Convict Leasing in Florida", "Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes: Online Sunshine", "Slavery Revisited: Peonage in the South", "How slave labor built the state of Florida decades after the Civil War", "Abstracts of Reports of the Immigration Commission, Vol II", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Flagler&oldid=1125174074, Jennie Louise (March 18, 1855 March 25, 1889), Knetsch, Joe. His wife, Mary Harkness, had never been of robust health; she had borne three children. Control of the Flagler fortune largely passed into the hands of Mary Lily Kenan's family of sisters and brother, who survived into the 1960s. Two years later, Flagler built the Palm Beach Inn (renamed The Breakers in 1901), overlooking the Atlantic Ocean in Palm Beach. In 1897, Flagler opened the exclusive Royal Palm Hotel on the north bank of the Miami River where it overlooked Biscayne Bay. [30] Additional fields were discovered in Burma and Java. A Second Wife and a Second Career. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was a United States tycoon, real estate promoter, railroad developer and Rockefeller partner in Standard Oil. [citation needed][66], "Henry M. Flagler" redirects here. The rumor mill suspected that this change in priorities was due to Henry's association with one Ida Alice Shourds a red-haired, green-eyed actress who was rumored to have been Mary Harkness Flagler's nursemaid during her final years. The accommodation features a satellite TV. Dr. Shelton had attended Flagler's daughter Jennie Benedict when she died from complications after childbirth in 1889. Besides its two refineries and a barrel plant in Cleveland, it possessed a fleet of tank cars and warehouses in the oil regions as well as warehouses and tanks in New York. 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