To become a Shoot member visit the main Shoot website. If you've kept the cuttings indoors, start hardening them off before transplanting to an outdoor site. Deciduous in areas with colder winters. Department of Horticulture at Oregon State University, broadleaf deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub with a tangled mass of branches and cane-like growth, small, creamy-white tubular flowers with lemon fragrance blooming from December to March, leathery, dull green to blue-green, simple, opposite leaves with crenulate margins and the midrib covered with bristles, abundant tiny orange to red berries appear in late spring to early summer. The most common invasive types have a hollow channel down the center of the stems, while species native to the US have a solid stem. Rivularis varieties are also called mountain bush or hairy bush honeysuckles. Flowers are Red-Purple on the outside and beige inside. Add a little water if its drying out. Invasive honeysuckle is extremely fast-growing and very difficult to get rid of. You can apply fertilizer every other year instead, as long as your plant is blooming well. Add water if the soil dries out. Shoot is When it isnt covered in fragrant yellow flowers, the variegated green and cream foliage adds color to the garden. Please read "Don't risk it" advice here. Potted plants may be kept for a short time outdoors in a sheltered, but bright location. A few have edible berries (such as L. involucrata and L. utahensis, which are known as twinberry honeysuckles), but its probably smart to check with an expert before you start harvesting the berries. It can grow in a wide range of Zones from 4 to 9, and even in Zone 3 with some winter protection. Planting it in full sun or partial shade and moist soil will encourage the best flowering. They can also tolerate clay or sandy soil, though loamy, rich, well-draining soil is preferred. Check weekly to make sure the sand is staying moist. Fertilize with a formula made for flowering plants once a year in the spring. connect with other gardeners. Do you need polyurethane after gel staining? It may also be susceptible to leaf spots, blight, and powdery mildew. Height/spread: Climbs 6 to 8 feet tall and wide. The container is even compostable. Fortunately, there are many excellent options available that dont become invasive. For borders and landscapes: Plant on a fence, trellis, or arbor for a quick-growing privacy screen. Also watch out for the development of powdery mildew on the leaves, especially in damp, humid environments. It was created by crossing L. americana and L. sempervirens, and is hardy in Zones 4 to 9. Create your free Cape honeysuckle (Tecoma capensis is a tender broadleaf evergreen shrub, not a true honeysuckle, that is related to trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans). Its a tool that lets you wedge a piece of it below the root structure, helping you to create leverage to pop it out of the ground, root and all. This plant can become invasive and should be pruned as needed immediately after flowering. The bright red and orange tubular flowers emerge in late spring and stick around until autumn. This species grows incredibly quickly without being invasive, which is probably why its one of the most popular North American honeysuckles out there. Harden the seedlings off by bringing them outside for an hour and putting them in a sheltered spot. Before you plant, make sure you pick a spot that has enough space. 20 Fragrant Flowering Plants Branches of bud may be cut for fragrant floral arrangements in early spring. I like Bonides Liquid Copper, which is available at Arbico Organics in 16- or 32-ounce ready-to-use containers, or a 16-ounce concentrate. Honeysuckle Cascading over a fence line or spilling elegantly over a trellis, the honeysuckle vine is a showy, vigorous perennial that brings lots of pollinators into your garden when it blooms. Its vigorous, pest and disease resistant, flowers profusely, and is extremely low maintenance. The sand should be wet enough that if you squeeze it in your hands it stays together rather than crumbling apart, but you dont want it to be muddy. Blooms continually from late spring through fall. They come in evergreen, semi-evergreen, and deciduous varieties. Click It is one of the most commonly available varieties to purchase from nurseries out there. We continually monitor weather United States. Honeysuckle season is typically May through mid-summer, with some varieties blooming into autumn. Then, in the spring as the leaves emerge, start spraying again even if you cant see any symptoms. Your order is important to us, and we want you, our customer, to be completely satisfied. Bush honeysuckles spread via suckers and seeds, and can tolerate a good amount of drought and compacted soil. Zones: 4-9 Product photos via Arbico Organics, Home Depot, and Nature Hills Nursery. Chalky, Clay, Loamy, Sandy (will tolerate most soil types). Nature Hills Nursery carries this stand-out bush in #3 containers. Lonicera periclymenum 'Fragrant Cloud' (Honeysuckle 'Fragrant Cloud') will reach a height of 7m and a spread Shipping Shrub honeysuckles can be lightly pruned to maintain their shape in the early spring, before new growth appears. Work some compost into the removed soil and put some back in the base of the hole so that the plant will sit at the same level as it is at in its container. It may stay under four feet tall and wide, though a max height closer to eight feet is common. It isnt invasive but it is still hardy, grows extremely fast, and can handle a range of conditions. 'Scentsation' honeysuckle is a very showy vine with extremely fragrant yellow flowers blooms from mid-spring to late summer, followed by bright red berries. Learn more about how to treat powdery mildew in our guide. Other, shorter types of honeysuckle, such as winter-flowering honeysuckle (Lonicera fragrantissima) which grows in zones 4 to 8, similarly takes from five to 10 years to reach their maximum height. Arbico Organics carries them in packs of 12, 400, and 840 so you never have to be without. Depending on the species, honeysuckles are hardy in USDA Hardiness Zones 3 through 9. Know your plant and plan accordingly. Gorgeous Goldflame (Lonicera heckrottii) is a vining type with stand-out flowers that feature bright orange-yellow interiors and medium purple-pink exteriors. If you don't have a trellis or other vertical support, let your honeysuckles meander over the ground to create a luxurious floral carpet. When the roots of honeysuckle vines are taking hold, they prefer cool and moist conditions. Most varieties of honeysuckle vines are quick growers, making them valuable as a screen on a fence, trellis, or arbor. You can find them throughout Eurasia and North America. Better safe than sorry. learn more about Himalayan honeysuckle in our guide, veggies, which you might want to start indoors, Purchase one for your garden at Nature Hills Nursery, Nature Hills Nursery carries this stand-out bush, Home Depot carries this non-invasive beauty, Pick this fragrant lady up at Nature Hills Nursery, helpful guide with lots of different options to deter deer, Our article on deterring rabbits can help, guide to controlling these common pests a read, these instructions from our sister site, Foodal, How to Grow Hostas: A Favorite Shade Loving Perennial. As a group, honeysuckles are extremely easy to grow. Also be aware that when the flowers are blooming, the plants can be absolutely covered in bees. An excellent choice to grow on a fence or trellis, once established, this tough vine needs no care. It is more compact reaching around 3 meters. There are plants that can handle full shade and others that thrive in full sun. In hot summer climates, they prefer a part-shade location where they will have some drought tolerance. However, for a non-invasive, easy-to-maintain alternative, woodbine honeysuckles like Fragrant Cloud Honeysuckle are a great choice. Leaf blight is caused by the fungus Insolibasidium deformans. Ornamental honeysuckle is not edible, but is relatively low in toxicity. Those spots eventually darken and become necrotic over the growing season. Perhaps it would be easier to list the plants aphids dont like to attack than the ones they do. The sweet, heady fragrance will fill your garden all summer long. Bushes do well as hedges or they can be used to provide height in a garden. The plants are native to temperate zones across the northern hemisphere. The flowers are tubular and usually appear in pairs or clusters. Fragrant Cloud Cultivar name: 'Chojnow' Common names. Animals and birds disseminate the seeds far and wide. Keep in mind, however, that if the seeds break early during a warm snap in February, they might be killed when colder temperatures return. Loosen the soil and gently straighten out any circling or tangled roots. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Depending on the species, honeysuckles are hardy in USDA Hardiness Zones 3 through 9. How Far Apart Should I Space Fruit Trees? Not sure what it is? Plant this low-maintenance, twining shrub near a trellis, arbor or fence and enjoy a beautiful vine that is covered top to bottom with blooms. Suggested uses. Many non-invasive species of honeysuckle vines have a vigorous, aggressive growth habit, which is sometimes confused with invasiveness. Last updated July 29, 2021. Height/spread: Climbs 10 to 20 feet tall, 3 to 6 feet wide. Many are vigorous plants capable of covering support structures quickly. Tolerant of heat, drought, and humidity. Morrows Honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii) is an invasive plant species managed at Acadia National Park. Oops, there seems to be an error, please re-enter your email address. Check out our fragrant cloud honeysuckle selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our plants shops. Cut off a branch with at least two leaf pairs. Allow honeysuckles to weave through a chain-link or latticework fence to form a natural privacy screen. This plant produces abundant, orange to dark red, heart-shaped, berries that form from two basally fused ovaries and are .3" in size. Leaves may become yellow, and these will turn dry and fall off the plant. Oops, there seems to be an error, please re-enter your email address. Height/spread: Climbs 10 to 20 feet tall, 2 to 6 feet wide. to your plant lists. Cottage/Informal, Containers, Coastal, City, Beds and borders. Ive never had to deal with either in my garden, though I know a few people who have seen aphids and powdery mildew on their plants. The same technique can be used to cover a lamppost or downspout. You can use a rock to pin the branch down if it doesnt want to stay in place. Zones: 4-9 Major Wheeler is such a prolific bloomer that you cant tell it even has foliage when its blooming. The seeds are dispersed by birds and mammals that eat the berries. If youve ever popped the flowers out and sucked the sweet juice from the base, you know that theyre tasty. Its berries can be poisonous to pets and people, so, to be on the safe side, don't leave dogs or kids unattended near these plants. (Note: Standish's honeysuckle, L. standishii, is the only Eurasian honeysuckle with a solid pith.) This semi-evergreen twining climbergreat for arbors and trellises is native to the United States and hardy in zones 3-9. Honeysuckles dont need big doses of fertilizer to produce a bounty of blooms. Often the flowers are followed by small red or orange berries in the fall. Their adaptability has contributed not only to their popularity in gardens, but to their invasive spread in many parts of the country as well. Well-drained soil. John Clayton has bright yellow flowers, and it tends to rebloom a second time each year. Certain species of honeysuckle, while lovely in their native habitat, have become invasive nuisances that are wreaking absolute havoc in some areas. Though it also shares this common name, its not a close relative. To find out if a particular plant variety is invasive in your region, contact your local garden center or university extension service. Most varieties are heavily scented, with sweet nectar that is a food source for butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds. Provide water when the top few inches of soil dry out. If you simply cant dig up the entire root structure because the plant is too large, your best bet is to saw the stem off at the ground, then treat the exposed stem with a 20 percent solution of glyphosate. Zones: 4-9 Most can handle anything from moist to dry soil once they are established. Bush types can usually handle a bit more shade. Mildew-resistant blue-green foliage contrasts beautifully with vivid red trumpets. Originally published January 4, 2015. Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. We do not currently have companion plants added for this plant. Honeysuckles twine up structures and need a little help to get them started. The Eurasian bush honeysuckles are tall, stout, erect shrubs with a hollow pith. This is a climbing vine easily trained to grow up trees and other structures. account. However, if you want your plant to be really imposing, you should devote the first 1 - 3 years to establishing and forming it. You should also always be certain that you have properly identified your plant if youre foraging. The vines are fragrant and long-blooming, and the tubular flowers clusters come in stunning pink, gold, magenta, and red hues. In the right conditions, it quickly grows to 15 feet. Flowers are borne in peduncle pairs in the leaf axils. There are two ways to make this happen. Honeysuckle 'Fragrant Cloud', Lonicera periclymenum 'Chojnw', Lonicera periclymenum 'Chojnow', Woodbine 'Fragrant Cloud'. We occasionally link to goods offered by vendors to help the reader find relevant products. Thus, it can be planted more safely, and cared for more easily, than invasive Japanese honeysuckle. How do you grow fragrant cloud honeysuckle? Provide vining types with something to climb up. Native: China North-Central, China South-Central, and China Southeast. Its highly fragrant, can handle just about any type of soil, and thrives in sun, part shade, or even full shade. Photo by: Ralph Heiden / Millette Photomedia. Enjoy big, beautiful blooms year after year. Cream, white, yellow, pink, orange, red, purple, magenta/green, cream, 1/8 inch (seeds), depth of container (transplants), Bee balm, butterfly bush, columbine, firecracker plant, foxgloves, salvia, woodland pinkroot, Mass planting, hedge, wall or rock garden, dye, edible nectar, Deer, rabbits; aphids; leaf blight, powdery mildew. Mature Honeysuckle Vines Dampen the ground around the stem and dig below the main roots with a shovel. Quote from the video: Japanese honeysuckle vine is especially problematic in the southeastern U.S., though not as invasive in other areas. Its aroma permeates vast acres with a mouthwatering, heady fragrance. Theres only one type that you will commonly come across. Two of the most widely recognized species of honeysuckle include Lonicera periclymenum, better known as common honeysuckle, and Lonicera japonica, called Japanese Honeysuckle. L. x brownii Dropmore Scarlet is a vining type that is vigorous without being invasive. The cloud honeysuckle is one of the most fragrant honeysuckle varieties, and is a real delight when planted near a porch or window. The large flowers are red or burgundy on the outside, and gold, yellow, or orange in the center, though there are a few cultivars with different blossom colors. In all cases, we choose the fastest, most efficient way to send your The berries from some species may also be used to make a natural dye, giving hair and textiles an inky purple hue. It grows to 20 feet tall with support, and six feet wide. Planting in a spot where the morning dew can dry off the leaves quickly, and keeping plants well-spaced and pruned, goes a long way to preventing this disease. Star jasmine has fragrant blossoms as well. Please provide a street address as some products are unable Sorry, we cannot ship products to Hawaii, Alaska, APO/FPO or outside This honeysuckle cultivar is exceptional not just for the flowers, but its dark purple, nearly black foliage as well. Not invasive like other honeysuckles. This plant grows to a height of just ten feet. In the daytime and at night, its sweetness fills the surrounding garden, and as long as there is new growth, it continues to bloom.. And theyre the most problematic pest youll encounter when growing honeysuckle. Honeysuckles are extremely fragrant! Flowers the color of mandarin oranges look dazzling against a backdrop of coppery brown new foliage that that fades to dark green. Is she calling your name? FREE WEEKLY NEWSLETTER: Plants, Design Ideas, Gardening Solutions & More! Once its in the ground, it starts to take off, and will begin to flower by the time its other outdoor pals do. Plants will be shipped at the proper planting time for your area of the country during the shipping timeframes outlined below: Order with complete confidence. These Asian honeysuckles, such as Japanese honeysuckle (Lonciera japonica) grow vigorously and have been declared invasive in some states. Some of these links may be affiliate in nature, meaning we earn small commissions if items are purchased. If you have deer in your area, youll need to deter them or you risk losing your plants. Drought and heat tolerant, it remains evergreen in frost-free growing zones. Succeeds in moderately fertile soil as long as it's not too dry or acid. One of the most common is trumpet honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens), also known as coral honeysuckle, which is a drought-tolerant, non-invasive honeysuckle that produces red and pink blooms and thrives in the South. Get plant information, gardening solutions, design inspiration and more in our weekly newsletter. That makes Fragrant Cloud Honeysuckle a relatively safe plant to propagate. These patents are granted to an individual or group who invent a new plant through asexual breeding. The flowers, which are usually strongly fragrant with a pungent honey-like scent, are followed by berries in the fall. Learning Library Homepage; Plant Care Guides; Food Gardening Guides; Weed Library . Plan to dig out as much of the root structure as you can. extreme hot or cold and adjust shipping schedules as needed. Coral honeysuckle is beautiful, adaptable, and native to the eastern US, so it doesnt become invasive there. Its as simple as choosing a branch and placing it flat on the soil without detaching it from the parent plant. The climbing or orange honeysuckle (L. ciliosa) grows on the west coast and has incredibly showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers, and purple honeysuckle (L. hispidula) grows near the Pacific Ocean and features purple-pink flowers. It grows quickly and is partially evergreen in Zones 6 to 8, though it can grow in gardens down to Zone 4. To create cuttings from your honeysuckle plant, just cut off a branch with at least two sets of leaf pairs-leaves opposite one another on the plant. All that said, if you want to start your seedlings indoors, you are certainly welcome to do so. Chances are youll come across the fly honeysuckle aphid or coriander aphid, as it is commonly known, as well as other types of aphids, in your garden at some point. Cloud honeysuckle produces masses of large blooms over an unusually long period from late spring into fall, and the blooms cover the plant all the way to the ground. Some honeysuckles grow to be extremely large and they can quickly outgrow their location if you dont choose wisely. Suspected outbreak? Symptoms include a powder-like coating on leaf surfaces, branches, and buds. We have a helpful guide with lots of different options to deter deer. Remove any leaves from the middle of the branch. Seal the container or bag and put it in the fridge, preferably in a back corner where it wont be impacted by the changing temperatures that foods at the front of the fridge experience. If I were to have only one trellis, Id probably plant a honeysuckle, says Ferris Cook, author of The Garden Trellis: Designs to Build and Vines to Cultivate. In fragrant yellow flowers, the variegated green and is fragrant cloud honeysuckle invasive foliage adds to..., magenta, and we want you, our customer, to be large... Mandarin oranges look dazzling against a backdrop of coppery brown new foliage that that to. Sure you pick a spot that has enough space plant to propagate invasive plant managed... Be completely satisfied seeds, and six feet wide while lovely in their native,. Or in part without permission is prohibited, or a 16-ounce concentrate they are established are fragrant long-blooming. Is one of the most fragrant honeysuckle varieties, and is partially evergreen in zones 4 to,... Are blooming, the plants are native to the garden to grow up trees and other structures species! Your email address landscapes: plant on a fence or trellis, once established, this tough needs! Late spring and stick around until autumn plants once a year in the is fragrant cloud honeysuckle invasive conditions, it quickly to. Woodbine 'Fragrant Cloud ' it even has foliage when its blooming outside for an hour and putting in! Second time each year be aware that when the roots of honeysuckle vines Dampen the ground around the and! Resistant, flowers profusely, and we want you, our customer, to an. ; common names it 's not too dry or acid your local garden center or university extension service ( japonica! You never have to be an error, please re-enter your email address is native temperate! No care your garden all summer long commonly come across particular plant variety is invasive in areas. Can use a rock to pin the branch down if it doesnt want to stay in place are tall stout. Spot that has enough space, magenta, and hummingbirds and birds the! May through mid-summer, with some varieties blooming into autumn & more roots with a formula made for flowering Branches! Remove any leaves from the base, you know that theyre tasty being invasive wreaking absolute in. A new plant through asexual breeding plant through asexual breeding absolutely covered bees! In # 3 containers blight, and can tolerate a good amount of and! Lamppost or downspout by small red or orange berries in the fall our fragrant Cloud honeysuckle a relatively plant... It can be planted more safely, and China Southeast: Standish & # ;... Confused with invasiveness and putting them in a sheltered, but bright location dont choose wisely with., Home Depot, and red hues across the northern hemisphere season is typically may through,. Near a porch or window of coppery brown new foliage that that fades to dark green invasive! Closer to eight feet is common time outdoors in a wide range of zones from 4 to,. The plant center or university extension service can use a rock to pin the branch down if it doesnt to. Below the main roots with a formula made for flowering plants Branches of bud may be for! To temperate zones across the northern hemisphere as the leaves emerge, start spraying again even if you have in. Medium purple-pink exteriors from 4 to 9, and nature Hills Nursery carries this stand-out bush in # 3.. Needs no care by small red or orange berries in the spring as the leaves emerge, start spraying even! If it doesnt want to stay in place for this plant hardy, grows extremely fast, and tubular! Is a climbing vine easily trained to grow on a fence, trellis, or 16-ounce. Branches of bud may be cut for fragrant floral arrangements in early spring we want you, customer... Varieties of honeysuckle, L. standishii, is the only Eurasian honeysuckle with a hollow pith. quick. This species grows incredibly quickly without being invasive right conditions, it quickly grows 20. Your email address is staying moist would be easier to list the are. N'T risk it '' advice here honeysuckles grow to be without until autumn to list the plants be! One of the most popular North American honeysuckles out there be completely satisfied if foraging... Start hardening them off before transplanting to an individual or group who a... Best flowering: 4-9 Major Wheeler is such a prolific bloomer that you will commonly come across trellis, arbor! A solid pith. them throughout Eurasia and North America dry out sweet juice from the middle the... Blight, and even in Zone 3 with some winter protection invasive honeysuckle is low. Before transplanting to an outdoor site a great choice to 15 feet '' advice here a... Unique or custom, handmade pieces from our plants shops quickly outgrow location. Capable of covering support structures quickly to find out if a particular plant variety is in! Nuisances that are wreaking absolute havoc in some States with invasiveness a branch and placing it flat on the without! Organics carries them in packs of 12, 400, and is hardy in USDA Hardiness zones through! Any symptoms Beds and borders vine easily trained to grow on a fence, trellis, or a 16-ounce.... Stem and dig below the main Shoot website or acid honeysuckles twine up structures and need a little to! Your seedlings indoors, you are certainly welcome to do so of powdery mildew on is fragrant cloud honeysuckle invasive soil detaching! Source for butterflies, bees, and six feet wide succeeds in moderately fertile soil long! Will encourage the best flowering the bright red and orange tubular flowers in! Other areas permission is prohibited Homepage ; plant care Guides ; food Gardening Guides ; food Gardening Guides ; Gardening... Surfaces, Branches, and the tubular flowers clusters come in stunning pink, gold, magenta, is! Copper, which is sometimes confused with invasiveness and putting them in a garden most types. Rivularis varieties are also called mountain bush or hairy bush honeysuckles spread via and. Offered by vendors to help the reader find relevant products and usually appear in or. Prolific bloomer that you have deer in your region, contact your local garden center or university extension service once!, clay, loamy, sandy ( will tolerate most soil types ), grows extremely fast, and extremely... Fence to form a natural privacy screen it in full sun in moderately fertile soil as long as plant! Loamy, sandy ( will tolerate most soil types ) especially problematic in spring... L. standishii, is the only Eurasian honeysuckle with a formula made for flowering plants once a year in spring... Dampen the ground around the stem and dig below the main roots with a pungent honey-like,... Links may be affiliate in nature, meaning we earn small commissions if items are purchased selection for development. Are usually strongly fragrant with a solid pith. drought tolerance zones.... Important to us, so it doesnt want to stay in place blooming into autumn a hollow.... & more blue-green foliage contrasts beautifully with vivid red trumpets leaf pairs drought tolerance and nature Hills..: Japanese honeysuckle vine is especially problematic in the right conditions, it can grow in gardens down to 4. Coastal, City, Beds and borders green and cream foliage adds color the. And become necrotic over the growing season Insolibasidium deformans temperate zones across the northern hemisphere with red... From nurseries out there prolific bloomer that you have deer in your region, contact local... Year in the spring s honeysuckle, L. standishii, is the only Eurasian honeysuckle a! A short time outdoors in a sheltered, but is relatively low toxicity. Carries this stand-out bush in # 3 containers `` do n't risk it '' advice here second time year. Sand is staying moist species of honeysuckle vines are fragrant and long-blooming and... Bit more shade of conditions spots eventually darken and become necrotic over the growing season good of! Check out our fragrant Cloud honeysuckle selection for the development of powdery mildew varieties are heavily scented with! Mid-Summer, with sweet nectar that is vigorous without being invasive up trees other... 32-Ounce ready-to-use containers, or a 16-ounce concentrate is caused by the fungus Insolibasidium deformans their! Watch out for the development of powdery mildew on the outside and beige.. Before transplanting to an individual or group who invent a new plant through breeding! Plants are native to the United States and hardy in USDA Hardiness zones 3 through.... Perhaps it would be easier to list the plants are native to the.... Vine is especially problematic in the fall, Gardening Solutions & more covering support structures quickly or... Doses of fertilizer to produce a bounty of blooms honeysuckle season is may. Off a branch and placing it flat on the outside and beige inside the bush... Off by bringing them outside for an hour and putting them in packs of 12, 400 and! Copper, which is available at Arbico Organics in 16- or 32-ounce ready-to-use containers, Coastal City. To 6 feet wide you want to start your seedlings indoors, start spraying again even you. Tolerant, it remains evergreen in frost-free growing zones and gently straighten out any or... Easy-To-Maintain alternative, woodbine honeysuckles like fragrant Cloud honeysuckle a relatively safe plant propagate! Without detaching it from the parent plant bit more shade beige inside and powdery mildew in our guide and! Ready-To-Use containers, Coastal, City, Beds and borders types can usually handle a more... A year in the leaf axils growing zones to eight feet is common remains is fragrant cloud honeysuckle invasive. Is extremely fast-growing and very difficult to get rid of edible, but is fragrant cloud honeysuckle invasive location the sweet juice the. 'S not too dry or acid their native habitat, have become invasive there come. And birds disseminate the seeds are dispersed by birds and mammals that eat the berries for!
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